Method of and apparatus for treating metals.



-0meala f F. L. O. WADSWORTH.

A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING METALS. APPLIOATION FILED JULY16, 1908. I 9 ,91 5-, Patented Apr. 4, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES:

F. L. 0. WADSWORTH.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING METALS.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 16, 1908.

Patented Apr. 4, 1911.

2 BHBETB-SHBET 2.

INVENTOR (WWII-11 WITNESSES P 4 "mm 40 tance from the axis moves at a hiher UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK L. 0. WAIDSWO'RTH, OF SEWICKLEY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO MILLERNON-CORROSIVE METAL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING METALS.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, FRANK- L. O. WADS- WORTH, residing at Sewickley,in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of theUnited States, have invented or discovered certain new and usefulImprovements in Methods of and Apparatus for Treating Metals, of whichimprovement the following is a specification.

In he manufacture of metal plates it has heretofore been found ossibleto mechanically effect a densification of the metal at and adjacent totheir flat surfaces, by first rolling upon said surfaces closelyarrangedface densification may .be accomplished, a

continuous and uniform densification will not be secured, particularlyatand adjacent to the lines of junction of the angularly re latedsurfaces. Where it has been attempted to rou hen such angularly relatedsurfaces simu taneously or in one roll-pass, the

result has lacked continuity and uniformity of'densification inindividual surfaces, which h'avebeen subjected to the rou heningacsurfaces 0 tion portions of the roll or ro s lying at an angle to theaxis thereof. Since the portion of such roll surface at a greaterdisspeedthan the portion nearer thereto, it is impossible to evenly markthe surface ofthe piece going'through. And since individual projectionsu on such roll surface operate upon the sur ace of the piece in a' lineat an acute angle to' the-line of forward moveme fi t of the piece, theresult'is often a tearing of the metal of the surface ofthe piece,

and a consequent break in the continuity of the projections formedthereon. I

It is the object of the invention, to overcome these difliculti'es, andto produce articles of irre lar shape the angularly related f whichshall be uniformly and Specification of Letters Patent. Applicationfiled July 16, 1908; Serial No. 443,913.

Patented Apr. 4, 1911.

continuously densified. To that end the new method herein described,generally stated, consists in forming the closel adjacent projectionsupon such angular y related surfaces of the piece by pressure appliednormally to the point on each surface where each projection 1s formed,and evenly in lines transversely of each surface, in order to attainuniformity and continuity of the projections. upon each individualsurface; and then by compressing and smoothing the adjacent surfacessimultaneously or in one ass, I am able to secure continuity of theensified skin throughout all portions of the surface of the finishedpiece.

Inthe accompanying drawings there is illustrated a suitable ap aratusfor the practice.of the said new met 0d, and which also forms a part ofthe present invention.

'Fi re 1 is a view in elevation of'a universa rolling-mill 'for theproduction of I-beams. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same, showingthe beam blanks being rolled in passes a and d but not showing an blankin pass 6. Fig.-3 illustrates a detai of the arrangement of theauxiliary rolls for op erating u on the inner surfaces of t e flanges 0an I-beam or other irregular shape. Fig. 4 illustrates an arrangement ofauxlliar rolls for operating upon the upper and un er surfaces of thehead of a rail.

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6illustrates the surface of'ja portion of a artially formed rail whichhas been marke in accordancewith this invention. Fig. 7 is a partialplan view illustrating the arrangement of the vertlcal rolls shown inFig. 1. Fig. 8is a dia ammatic view illustratin the manner 0 producingthe densified SklIl. Fig. 9 shows conventionally a pass between a pairof horizontal rolls arranged in advance of the rolls shown in Fi 4, andin which the edges of the head an the web of the rail are roughened.

In the practice of the invention the mill as regards the main reducingrolls 1, 1 and 1", and the housings "2, will be constructed and arrangedin the usual or any suitable manner. The number of passes Wlll of coursedepend upon the extent of the reduction to be accomplished, "or two ormore stands of rolls may be used. The surfaces a of one or more passes.in the main rolls,- (these surfaces being those which when in contactwith the piece move in a direction substantially parallel with thedirection of feed, and therefore apply pressure normally to the surfacesupon which they operate), are cut by indentations or grooves so as toform intersecting angular ridges closely adjacent to each other. Thedepressions thereby formed in the surfaces of the piece will thus havethe required contiguity, so that the intervening projections or ridgeswill mutually bear against and support each other in the operation ofrolling these projections down to a smooth surface. In this way isaccomplished the densification of the metal of the flat surface of thefinished article, by means of the lateral compression of.

. metal :20 of the walls adjacent thereto,an

vice versa.

In order to form the pro ections upon v the outer surfaces of theflanges of the beam,

the vertical rolls 3, 3 are provided, and for the inner surfaces of theflanges the auxiliary rolls 4, 4 which are inclined at the proper angleto apply their rolling pressure normally-to said surfaces. The saidvertical rolls and inclined rolls are cut to form one vertical rollwhich operate upon each flange of the beam, shall .operate thereontogether, the two inclined rolls and the vertical roll acting inopposition. The vertical rolls have their journals mounted in blocks 5,adjustable on rails 6 secured to the housings of the mill, and thejournals 7 of the inclined rolls are mounted in the same blocks. Thevertical rolls are driven by worms 8 on the shaft 9, which engagewormwheels 10 on the journals of the vertical rolls, said journals beingalso provided with pinions 11 intermeshing with pinions 12 on thejournals of the inclined rolls.

In operation the beam-blank is fed forward through the left-handroughing pass between the middle and lower rolls; back through pass 7)between the middle and upper rolls, forward through pass 0 between themiddle and lower rolls, and back through pass 03 between the middle andupper-rolls. In a mill having the passes thus arranged, it is preferredthat in each of said four passes all of the rolls, or the portionsthereof which operate normally to the surfaces of the piece goingthrough, shall be patterned in the manner described. Thus in each ofsaid passes, the web of the beam and the edges of its flanges beingmarked in the main rolls, andthe inner and outer faces ofits flangesbeing marked in the adjacent vertical and inclined rolls, the marking isperformed, during reduction, upon all portions of all surfaces of thebeam at each point throughout its length, so that the markings uponadjacent angularlyrelated surfaces run up toand merge. into each' other.Thus when the beam is run through the final smooth pass or passes, as ate, a uniform densified skin will be produced, and there will be no linesor patches of undensified metal at and adjacent tothe lines of junctionof adjacent surfaces. The use of smooth vertical and auxiliary rolls inconnection with passe will ordinarily be unnecessary, since theprojections upon all surfaces of the. piece may be compressed andsmoothed by the smooth contacting surfaces of said pass 6 in the mainrolls. Also by reasonof the fact that the projections are formed uponall surfaces of the piece solely by pressure applied normally to eachsurface, and evenly transversely of' each surface, uniformity andcontinuity of the projections upon each surface, and the consequentuniformity and continuity of the densified skin over all portions ofeach surface, are attained.

The pattern and size of the projections formed in the successive passesmay be varied, in order to more thoroughly act upon the surfaces of thepiece. It will also be understood that the invention is not limited withrespect. tothe number of passes in which projections shall be formed.Good results can be attained by forming the projections upon the piecein one pass, and then, before smoothing, chilling the surfaces byapplying thereto a cooling fluid. But where the only surface coolingeffected is by contact with the rolls, it is considered better practiceto subject the article to. a plurality of passes the operative portionsof which are roughened as described.

In Figs. 4, 5 and 9 is shown an arrangement of rolls for forming thedescribed projections-upon the'head and web of a rail,

pins 32, formed on the arms 33, which are p-ivotally mounted on shafts34, having hearings in the frame 29. The arms 33 are movable to permitof the adjustment of the inclined rolls at the proper angle to thevertical roll. They may be held in position by bolts 35 passing throughthe frame 29 and through s otted lugs 36 on the arms 33. The inchnedrolls are provided at one end with bevel pinions 37 intermeshing withcorresponding bevel pinions 38 mounted on the shafts 34, and providedwith worm wheels 39 driven by worms 40 on the projections and thenrolling the same to substantially smooth surfaces.

2. The method of densifying a plurality of adjacent an larly relatedsurfaces of a metallic artic e, which consists in rolling upon saidsurfaces, by pressure applied normally and evenly throughout the lengthof the bearing surfaces of the rolls, a substantially continuous seriesof closely ar ranged angular projections, and then rolling the samesimultaneously or in one pass to substantially smooth surfaces,

3. In a mill for rolling shapes, the combination of a plurality of rollsarranged with their respective axes substantially parallel with thecorresponding portions of the article upon which the rolls operate, thefaces of the rolls operative upon the metal being patterned whereby theentire surfaces operated upon are roughed.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

FRANK L. O. WADSWORTH.

Witnesses:

CHARLES BARNE'I'I, FRANCIS J. TOMASSON.

